Pakistan’s Middle East Dilemma: How the Trilateral Saudi-Turkey Defense Deal Impacts Ties with Iran and India
Pakistan’s new trilateral defence partnership is bound to change the security calculations in the South Asian and Middle Eastern regions. Signed on August 7, 2026, the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement involves Saudi financial assistance, Saudi Uhud bank loan, Turkish defence industry and Pakistan military forces under a collective security pact. The deal provides benefits to the city of Rawalpindi not …

